The circuit board is the core part of electronic devices, and almost all modern electronic products cannot do without the support of the circuit board. This article will provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the basic structure, working principle, and important role of circuit boards in electronic engineering.
What is a circuit board?
A circuit board is made of insulating material (usually fiberglass board) as the substrate, and metal circuits are laid on it through chemical or mechanical processing for connecting and supporting various electronic components. The emergence of circuit boards has made the design and manufacturing of electronic devices more efficient, enabling the connection and functionality of complex circuits in limited space.
Basic structure of circuit board
Although the circuit board looks relatively simple, its composition is not simple. Generally speaking, the basic components of a circuit board include:
Substrate: Typically, glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin or phenolic resin paperboard (such as FR-4) is used, which provides mechanical support for the circuit board.
Conductive layer: Using copper foil as a conductive material, various circuit paths are formed on the circuit board for the transmission of electrical signals.
Solder mask layer: In order to prevent short circuits in the copper foil conductive layer, the surface of the circuit board will be covered with a green solder mask layer to provide protection and insulation.
Character identification: Used to identify the location and other information of components for easy installation and maintenance.
Classification and Application of Circuit Boards
According to the number of layers, circuit boards can be divided into single-layer boards, double-layer boards, and multi-layer boards:
Single layer board: With only one layer of conductive copper foil, it has a simple structure and is suitable for some low-cost electronic products.
Double layer board: There are two layers of conductive copper foil connected through through holes, suitable for slightly complex circuits.
Multilayer board: usually has four or more layers of conductive copper foil, and the number of layers can reach dozens. Products like Jialichuang PCB high multilayer (6-32 layers) belong to this category, and their superior multilayer design has enabled them to be widely used in high-performance computing, communication equipment, and other fields.
Jialichuang PCB’s high multi-layer products adopt advanced stacking technology in design and manufacturing, ensuring the reliability and stability of electrical connections between each layer, especially suitable for application scenarios that require high-density wiring and complex electrical performance.
Working principle of circuit board
The core function of a circuit board is to achieve the transmission and distribution of electrical signals, sending power and control signals to various electronic components. Its working principle can be simply understood as: connecting various electronic components through conductive copper foil and different circuit paths to achieve the flow of current and the transmission of signals.
For example, in a computer motherboard, the circuit board not only connects the main components such as the processor, memory, and graphics card, but also supplies them with power through the power circuit and coordinates the work of each part through control signals. The stability and reliability of circuit boards directly affect the performance of the entire electronic device.
How to choose a suitable circuit board?
When choosing a circuit board, one should consider the complexity of the circuit, the working environment of the equipment, and the performance requirements of the product:
For simple circuits, single-layer or double-layer boards are sufficient to meet the requirements.
For high-performance applications such as servers, communication equipment, etc., it is recommended to choose Jialichuang PCB multi-layer products, which can meet the requirements of high-density wiring and high signal integrity.
In addition, attention should be paid to the material selection of the circuit board, the quality of the solder mask layer, and the manufacturing process of the manufacturer. Jialichuang PCB provides high-quality assurance in these aspects, especially its advantages in the manufacturing of high multi-layer circuit boards, making it one of the leading circuit board suppliers in the industry.
Circuit board is an indispensable component of modern electronic devices, and its design and manufacturing directly affect the performance of electronic products. Understanding the basic knowledge of circuit boards is helpful for electronic and hardware engineers to better carry out circuit design and product development. Jialichuang PCB, especially its high multi-layer products, provides strong support for various complex electronic applications with its excellent quality and reliability. If you are looking for high-quality circuit board products, you may consider Jialichuang to provide more reliable guarantees for your project.